EEG is the "gold standard" for diagnosing sleep pathologies via Polysomnography (PSG):
and light sleep; considered abnormal in a fully awake adult. Delta (
The brain is highly active, producing EEG patterns similar to wakefulness (low-voltage, fast-frequency).
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Transition from alpha to theta waves. Slow eye movements are common. C. NREM Stage 2 (N2) - Deeper Sleep
Electroencephalography (EEG) uses electrodes on the scalp to detect tiny electrical signals produced by brain activity. Neurotech EEG Frequency (Hz): The number of waves per second. Amplitude ($\mu$V): The height/strength of the waves. Key Waveforms: is greater than 13 Alert wakefulness. Relaxed wakefulness with eyes closed. Light sleep or drowsiness. is less than 4 Deep, slow-wave sleep. National Institutes of Health (.gov) 2. NREM (Non-Rapid Eye Movement) Sleep
The majority of sleep time. Characterised by unique markers: Sleep Spindles: Brief bursts of high-frequency activity ( K-complexes: